NEET UG BIOLOGY Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

NEET UG - Biology: Cell Structure and Function (MCQs)

46. Which of the following is a feature of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
    a) Nucleus
    b) Membrane-bound organelles
    c) Ribosomes
    d) Mitochondria
    Answer: c) Ribosomes
47. What is the main function of the cell membrane?
    a) Synthesis of proteins
    b) Transport of molecules in and out of the cell
    c) Storage of genetic material
    d) Energy production
    Answer: b) Transport of molecules in and out of the cell
48. Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
    a) Golgi bodies
    b) Mitochondria
    c) Ribosomes
    d) Endoplasmic reticulum
    Answer: b) Mitochondria
49. Which of the following organelles is involved in the synthesis of proteins?
    a) Lysosomes
    b) Golgi apparatus
    c) Ribosomes
    d) Endoplasmic reticulum
    Answer: c) Ribosomes
50. The primary function of lysosomes in animal cells is:
    a) Protein synthesis
    b) Digestion of worn-out organelles and foreign material
    c) Storage of genetic information
    d) ATP production
    Answer: b) Digestion of worn-out organelles and foreign material
51. Which structure is absent in prokaryotic cells but present in eukaryotic cells?
    a) Cell wall
    b) Ribosomes
    c) Nucleus
    d) Cytoplasm
    Answer: c) Nucleus
52. Which of the following is a feature of plant cells but not animal cells?
    a) Plasma membrane
    b) Chloroplast
    c) Mitochondria
    d) Nucleus
    Answer: b) Chloroplast
53. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is classified into:
    a) Smooth and rough based on ribosome presence
    b) Large and small
    c) Primary and secondary
    d) Nucleus and plasma
    Answer: a) Smooth and rough based on ribosome presence
54. Which of the following organelles is responsible for packaging and modifying proteins?
    a) Nucleus
    b) Golgi apparatus
    c) Lysosomes
    d) Ribosomes
    Answer: b) Golgi apparatus
55. Which of the following is true about the structure of the nucleus?
    a) The nucleus is composed of two lipid membranes
    b) The nucleus contains only chromatin
    c) The nucleolus is absent in the nucleus
    d) The nuclear membrane is absent in prokaryotes
    Answer: a) The nucleus is composed of two lipid membranes
56. Which of the following structures is responsible for cell movement and has a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules?
    a) Ribosomes
    b) Cilia
    c) Golgi apparatus
    d) Chloroplasts
    Answer: b) Cilia
57. Which organelle is involved in the breakdown of fatty acids and other metabolic processes in the cell?
    a) Golgi apparatus
    b) Peroxisomes
    c) Lysosomes
    d) Mitochondria
    Answer: b) Peroxisomes
58. Which part of the cell is responsible for maintaining cell shape and providing structural support?
    a) Nucleus
    b) Cytoskeleton
    c) Endoplasmic reticulum
    d) Plasma membrane
    Answer: b) Cytoskeleton
59. Which part of the plant cell controls the entry and exit of materials and provides mechanical support?
    a) Plasma membrane
    b) Vacuole
    c) Cell wall
    d) Chloroplast
    Answer: c) Cell wall
60. Which of the following structures in eukaryotic cells is the site of photosynthesis?
    a) Mitochondria
    b) Ribosomes
    c) Chloroplasts
    d) Lysosomes
    Answer: c) Chloroplasts

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