NEET UG BIOLOGY Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

NEET UG - Genetics and Evolution MCQs

181. 1. The principle of independent assortment is based on:
     • a) The law of segregation
     • b) The law of dominance
     • c) The alignment of chromosomes at metaphase
     • d) The crossing over of chromatids
     Answer: c) The alignment of chromosomes at metaphase
182. 2. In incomplete dominance, the heterozygous phenotype is:
     • a) A blend of the two homozygous phenotypes
     • b) The same as one of the homozygous phenotypes
     • c) A combination of both recessive traits
     • d) None of the above
     Answer: a) A blend of the two homozygous phenotypes
183. 3. Co-dominance in genetics refers to:
     • a) When both alleles are completely dominant
     • b) When both alleles are fully expressed in the heterozygous condition
     • c) When one allele completely masks the other
     • d) When a dominant allele partially expresses itself
     Answer: b) When both alleles are fully expressed in the heterozygous condition
184. 4. The inheritance of blood groups in humans is an example of:
     • a) Incomplete dominance
     • b) Co-dominance
     • c) Sex-linked inheritance
     • d) Polygenic inheritance
     Answer: b) Co-dominance
185. 5. The phenomenon in which a single gene influences multiple traits is known as:
     • a) Pleiotropy
     • b) Polygenic inheritance
     • c) Epistasis
     • d) Linkage
     Answer: a) Pleiotropy
186. 6. The inheritance of skin color in humans is an example of:
     • a) Incomplete dominance
     • b) Co-dominance
     • c) Polygenic inheritance
     • d) Mendelian inheritance
     Answer: c) Polygenic inheritance
187. 7. The chromosome theory of inheritance was proposed by:
     • a) Gregor Mendel
     • b) Thomas Hunt Morgan
     • c) Charles Darwin
     • d) Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
     Answer: b) Thomas Hunt Morgan
188. 8. Which of the following is a characteristic of sex-linked inheritance?
     • a) Traits are inherited only through the maternal line
     • b) Traits are carried on autosomes
     • c) Sex-linked traits affect only males
     • d) Females are affected by sex-linked traits more frequently than males
     Answer: a) Traits are inherited only through the maternal line
189. 9. In humans, the sex of an individual is determined by the:
     • a) Number of autosomes
     • b) X chromosome
     • c) Y chromosome
     • d) Presence of two X chromosomes
     Answer: c) Y chromosome
190. 10. Haemophilia is an example of a:
     • a) Dominant genetic disorder
     • b) Recessive genetic disorder
     • c) Sex-linked recessive disorder
     • d) Autosomal dominant disorder
     Answer: c) Sex-linked recessive disorder
191. 11. Which of the following is an example of a Mendelian disorder in humans?
     • a) Down’s syndrome
     • b) Thalassemia
     • c) Klinefelter’s syndrome
     • d) Turner’s syndrome
     Answer: b) Thalassemia
192. 12. Down's syndrome is caused by:
     • a) Deletion of a chromosome
     • b) Non-disjunction of chromosome 21
     • c) Inversion of chromosome 21
     • d) Polyploidy
     Answer: b) Non-disjunction of chromosome 21
193. 13. Klinefelter’s syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by:
     • a) The presence of an extra X chromosome in males
     • b) The absence of one X chromosome in females
     • c) The presence of an extra Y chromosome in males
     • d) The absence of a Y chromosome in males
     Answer: a) The presence of an extra X chromosome in males
194. 14. Which of the following is true for Turner’s syndrome?
     • a) It affects males only
     • b) Individuals have a second Y chromosome
     • c) It is caused by the absence of one X chromosome in females
     • d) It results in an extra chromosome 21
     Answer: c) It is caused by the absence of one X chromosome in females
195. 15. The phenomenon of crossing over occurs during:
     • a) Metaphase I of meiosis
     • b) Anaphase I of meiosis
     • c) Prophase I of meiosis
     • d) Telophase II of meiosis
     Answer: c) Prophase I of meiosis

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